Izakhiwo nokuphepha kwensimbi ye-silicon

I-crystalline silicon impunga yensimbi, i-amorphous silicon imnyama. Non-toxic, ayinambitheki. D2.33; Iphoyinti lokuncibilika 1410 ℃; Umthamo wokushisa omaphakathi (16 ~ 100℃) 0.1774cal /(g -℃). I-crystalline silicon iyikristalu ye-athomu, iqinile futhi iyacwebezela, futhi ijwayelekile kuma-semiconductors. Emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni, ngaphezu kwe-hydrogen fluoride, kunzima ukusabela nezinye izinto, ezingancibiliki emanzini, i-nitric acid ne-hydrochloric acid, encibilika ku-hydrofluoric acid ne-lye. Ingahlangana nomoya-mpilo nezinye izakhi emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Inezici zokuqina okuphezulu, akukho ukumuncwa kwamanzi, ukumelana nokushisa, ukumelana ne-asidi, ukumelana nokugqoka nokumelana nokuguga. I-silicon isatshalaliswa kabanzi emvelweni futhi iqukethe cishe u-27.6% oqweqweni loMhlaba. Ikakhulukazi ngesimo se-silica nama-silicates.

Insimbi ye-silicon ngokwayo ayinabo ubuthi emzimbeni womuntu, kodwa ngesikhathi sokucutshungulwa izokhiqiza uthuli oluhle lwe-silicon, inomphumela ovuselelayo emgudwini wokuphefumula. Gqoka okokuvikela okufanelekile okufana nemaski, amagilavu, nokuvikela amehlo lapho uphatha insimbi ye-silicon.

I-Oral LDso yamagundane: 3160mg/kg. Ukuhogela okugxilile kakhulu kubangela ukucasuka okuncane kwendlela yokuphefumula kanye nokucasula lapho kungena esweni njengomzimba wangaphandle. Impushana ye-silicon isabela ngobudlova ne-calcium, i-cesium carbide, i-chlorine, i-diamond fluoride, i-fluorine, i-iodine trifluoride, i-manganese trifluoride, i-rubidium carbide, i-silver fluoride, i-potassium sodium alloy. Uthuli luyingozi ngokusesilinganisweni uma uchayeka elangabini noma uthintana nama-oxidants. Gcina endaweni epholile, eyomile futhi enomoya omuhle. Gcina kude nomlilo nokushisa. Iphakheji kufanele ivalwe futhi ingaxhumani nomoya. Kufanele igcinwe ngokuhlukana nama-oxidizers, futhi ungaxubani.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, insimbi ye-silicon izosabela nge-oksijini emoyeni ukuze ikhiqize igesi evuthayo, futhi kufanele kukhokhwe ukuze kugwenywe ukuthintana nemithombo yomlilo noma ama-oxidants ngesikhathi sokugcina nokuhamba.