Silicon metal izindaba

1. sebenzisa.

  I-Silicon metal (SI) iyinsimbi ebalulekile enezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo. Nazi ezinye zezindlela eziyinhloko zokusebenzisa i-silicon metal:

1. Izinto zokwakha ze-semiconductor: Insimbi ye-silicon ingenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-semiconductor embonini ye-elekthronikhi, esetshenziselwa ukwakha izingxenye ezihlukahlukene ze-electronics, njengama-transistors, amaseli elanga, amaseli e-photovoltaic, izinzwa ze-photoelectric, njll. ukusetshenziswa kwe-silicon yensimbi kukhulu kakhulu.

2. Izinto ze-alloy: i-silicon yensimbi ingasetshenziswa ukwenza izinto ze-alloy, ezingathuthukisa amandla, ubulukhuni kanye nokugqoka ukumelana kwe-alloy. Ingxubevange ye-Metal silicon isetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yokuncibilikisa insimbi nokuphonsa, njengensimbi engagqwali, i-carbide enosimende, ingxubevange ye-refractory nokunye.

3. Izinto ze-ceramic ze-silicate: i-silicon yensimbi ingasetshenziswa ukulungisa izinto ze-ceramic ze-silicate, le nto ye-ceramic inezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokufakelwa kanye nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kokugqoka, okusetshenziselwa kakhulu amandla kagesi, i-metallurgy, imboni yamakhemikhali, i-ceramics nezinye izimboni.

4. Izinhlanganisela ze-silicone: insimbi ye-silicon ingasetshenziswa njengezinto zokusetshenziswa ze-silicone compounds zokukhiqiza irabha ye-silicone, i-silicone resin, uwoyela we-silicone, i-silicone neminye imikhiqizo. Le mikhiqizo inokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokushisa okuphezulu, ukumelana nokushisa okuphansi, ukumelana nokugqwala kwamakhemikhali, esetshenziswa kabanzi ku-aerospace, izimoto, ezokwakha, ezokwelashwa neminye imikhakha.

5. Eminye imikhakha: Insimbi ye-silicon nayo ingasetshenziselwa ukulungiswa kwe-silicon carbon fibre, i-silicon carbon nanotubes nezinye izinto ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, ukulungiselela izinto zokufaka ukushisa okushisayo, ukumbozwa kwendawo yezinto ezibonakalayo, ama-spark nozzles nokunye.

Ngokuvamile, insimbi ye-silicon iyimpahla eluhlaza ebaluleke kakhulu yezimboni, esetshenziswa kabanzi ku-electronics, metallurgy, ceramics, chemicals, medical and other fields. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, ukusetshenziswa kwe-silicon yensimbi nakho kuyaqhubeka nokwanda nokusungula izinto ezintsha, kuzoba namathemba abanzi emakethe.

2.Ukukhiqizwa komhlaba wonke kwe-silicon yezimboni.

Ngomthamo wokukhiqiza: ngo-2021, umthamo wokukhiqiza i-silicon yezimboni zomhlaba wonke ungamathani ayizigidi ezingu-6.62, lapho amathani ayizigidi ezingu-4.99 agxilwe e-China (izibalo zesampula zokukhiqiza ezisebenzayo ze-SMM2021, ngaphandle komthamo wokukhiqiza we-zombie ongaba amathani ayizigidi ezingu-5.2-5.3), amaphesenti angama-75; Amandla okukhiqiza phesheya angaba amathani ayizigidi eziyi-1.33. Kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, amandla okukhiqiza aphesheya kwezilwandle azinzile ngokuphelele, ngokuyisisekelo agcina amathani angaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-1.2-1.3..

I-China ingumkhiqizi omkhulu we-silicon yezimboni, izinzuzo zezindleko zokukhiqiza kwebhizinisi, i-photovoltaic/silicone/aluminium alloy nezinye izimakethe zabathengi ezibalulekile zigxile e-China, futhi kukhona ukukhula kwesidingo esinamandla, okuvikela isikhundla esivelele somthamo wokukhiqiza i-silicon yezimboni zaseChina. Imakethe kulindeleke ukuthi amandla okukhiqiza i-silicon yezimboni emhlabeni wonke akhuphuke afinyelele kumathani ayizigidi eziyi-8.14 ngo-2025, kanti iChina zisazobusa umkhuba wokukhula kwamandla, futhi umthamo omkhulu uzofinyelela kumathani ayizigidi eziyi-6.81, okubalelwa cishe ku-80%. Phesheya kwezilwandle, imidondoshiya yezimboni zendabuko ikhula kancane kancane, igxile kakhulu emazweni asathuthuka njenge-Indonesia anezindleko eziphansi zamandla.

Mayelana nokuphumayo: inani eliphelele le-silicon yezimboni zomhlaba wonke ngo-2021 lingamathani ayizigidi ezingu-4.08; I-China ingumkhiqizi omkhulu we-silicon yezimboni emhlabeni wonke, ophumayo ofinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezi-3.17 (idatha ye-SMM ehlanganisa nama-97, i-silicon egaywe kabusha), efinyelela ku-77%. Kusukela ngo-2011, i-China iye yadlula iBrazil njengomkhiqizi nomthengi omkhulu we-silicon yezimboni.

Ngokwezibalo zezwekazi, ngo-2020, e-Asia, eYurophu, eNingizimu Melika naseNyakatho Melika, ingxenye yokukhiqizwa kwe-silicon yezimboni ingu-76%, 11%, 7% no-5%, ngokulandelana. Ngokwezibalo zikazwelonke, ukukhiqizwa kwe-silicon yezimboni zaphesheya kugxile kakhulu eBrazil, eNorway, e-United States, eFrance nakwezinye izindawo. Ngo-2021, i-USGS yakhipha idatha yokukhiqiza i-silicon metal, okuhlanganisa i-ferrosilicon alloy, futhi i-China, i-Russia, i-Australia, i-Brazil, i-Norway, ne-United States zikleliswe kuqala ekukhiqizeni insimbi ye-silicon.